{"id":758,"date":"2026-03-12T17:26:27","date_gmt":"2026-03-12T16:26:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biotechlerncenter.iph-multisite.berta-bewegt.ch\/?page_id=758"},"modified":"2026-03-13T17:28:43","modified_gmt":"2026-03-13T16:28:43","slug":"5-les-genes-seront-isoles-en-clones-et-les-moutons-seront-clones","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/biotechlerncenter.interpharma.ch\/fr\/sujets\/cloner\/5-les-genes-seront-isoles-en-clones-et-les-moutons-seront-clones\/","title":{"rendered":"5. Les g\u00e8nes seront isol\u00e9s en clones et les moutons seront clon\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Arriv\u00e9s \u00e0 ce stade, nous devons diff\u00e9rencier \u00abl’isolement du clone\u00bb et \u00abcloner\u00bb.Les chercheurs crurent pendant longtemps qu’il \u00e9tait impossible de cloner des \u00eatres vivants sup\u00e9rieurs et encore moins des mammif\u00e8res. Certes, des chercheurs ont r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 cloner des grenouilles dans les ann\u00e9es 70 mais ils se retrouv\u00e8rent devant un obstacle; ils ne pouvaient cloner que de tr\u00e8s jeunes grenouilles au stade embryonnaire, parce que plus l’animal donneur \u00e9tait \u00e2g\u00e9, plus il \u00e9tait difficile de le cloner. Cloner une grenouille adulte tenait de l’impossible; le degr\u00e9 de diff\u00e9renciation des cellules en est responsable, telles furent les conclusions unanimes des biologistes de l’\u00e9volution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les cellules des toutes jeunes grenouilles ne sont pas encore diff\u00e9renci\u00e9es, ce qui signifie qu’elles ne sont pas encore sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es dans une fonction d\u00e9termin\u00e9e. Au cours de leur d\u00e9veloppement, ces cellules vont produire de nombreux types de cellules diff\u00e9rentes (cellules musculaires, cellules cutan\u00e9es etc.). Les fonctions de ces cellules embryonnaires n’ont pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablies et c’est pourquoi ces cellules sont faciles \u00e0 cloner. Par contre, la plupart des cellules des grenouilles adultes sont diff\u00e9renci\u00e9es, elles remplissent une fonction sp\u00e9cifique dans le corps. Le patrimoine g\u00e9n\u00e9tique de ces cellules n’est que partiellement actif, de nombreux g\u00e8nes, inutiles \u00e0 ce stade du d\u00e9veloppement, seront d\u00e9connect\u00e9s. Si l’on tentait alors, comme lors de tout clonage, d’introduire le patrimoine g\u00e9n\u00e9tique de ces \u00abvieilles\u00bb cellules dans un \u0153uf de grenouille dont le noyau cellulaire fut auparavant d\u00e9truit, le patrimoine g\u00e9n\u00e9tique de la \u00abvieille\u00bb cellule ne pourrait pas retourner au stade z\u00e9ro. Les g\u00e8nes resteraient d\u00e9connect\u00e9s et le clonage \u00e9chouerait.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Dans un premier temps, l’ovule sera \u00e9nucl\u00e9\u00e9 \u00e0 l’aide de micro-injection.
\u00a9 istockphoto<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Arriv\u00e9s \u00e0 ce stade, nous devons diff\u00e9rencier \u00abl’isolement du clone\u00bb et \u00abcloner\u00bb.Les chercheurs crurent pendant longtemps qu’il \u00e9tait impossible de cloner des \u00eatres vivants sup\u00e9rieurs et encore moins des mammif\u00e8res. Certes, des chercheurs ont r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 cloner des grenouilles dans les ann\u00e9es 70 mais ils se retrouv\u00e8rent devant un obstacle; ils ne pouvaient cloner que […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":782,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/unterthema.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-758","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n5. Les g\u00e8nes seront isol\u00e9s en clones et les moutons seront clon\u00e9s - biotechlerncenter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/biotechlerncenter.interpharma.ch\/themen\/klonieren\/5-gene-werden-kloniert-schafe-geklont\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"5. Les g\u00e8nes seront isol\u00e9s en clones et les moutons seront clon\u00e9s\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Arriv\u00e9s \u00e0 ce stade, nous devons diff\u00e9rencier \u00abl’isolement du clone\u00bb et \u00abcloner\u00bb.Les chercheurs crurent pendant longtemps qu’il \u00e9tait impossible de cloner des \u00eatres vivants sup\u00e9rieurs et encore moins des mammif\u00e8res. 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