{"id":714,"date":"2026-03-12T17:26:24","date_gmt":"2026-03-12T16:26:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biotechlerncenter.iph-multisite.berta-bewegt.ch\/?page_id=714"},"modified":"2026-03-13T17:18:51","modified_gmt":"2026-03-13T16:18:51","slug":"8-genetique-comment-fonctionne-lheredite","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/biotechlerncenter.interpharma.ch\/fr\/sujets\/genie-genetique\/8-genetique-comment-fonctionne-lheredite\/","title":{"rendered":"8. G\u00e9n\u00e9tique: comment fonctionne l’h\u00e9r\u00e9dit\u00e9?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

La g\u00e9n\u00e9tique (l’\u00e9tude de l’h\u00e9r\u00e9dit\u00e9) est aussi ancienne que la biotechnologie. Une tablette provenant de Babylone, ancienne de plus de 6’000 ans, repr\u00e9sente  un arbre g\u00e9n\u00e9alogique du cheval, d’autres anciens dessins donnent la preuve des essais de croisement effectu\u00e9s sur des palmiers. Gr\u00e2ce aux m\u00e9thodes de culture et de croisement classiques, il en r\u00e9sulta des plantes cultiv\u00e9es et des animaux domestiques comportant de nouvelles particularit\u00e9s tr\u00e8s utiles \u00e0 l’\u00eatre humain. Le potentiel \u00e9norme de modifications inh\u00e9rent aux m\u00e9thodes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques est \u00e9galement d\u00e9montr\u00e9 par la diversit\u00e9 des races de chien issues du loup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pendant longtemps, l’homme ne comprit pas les m\u00e9canismes de l’h\u00e9r\u00e9dit\u00e9. Aristote par exemple croyait que le sperme \u00e9tait du sang purifi\u00e9 et que, de ce fait, le sang \u00e9tait un \u00e9l\u00e9ment de l’h\u00e9r\u00e9dit\u00e9. Ce concept a subsist\u00e9 durant de longs si\u00e8cles dans le monde occidental et l’expression \u00abde sang bleu\u00bb encore utilis\u00e9e en est la preuve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Homunculus.
\u00a9 N. Hartsoecker 1695, Wikipedia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La g\u00e9n\u00e9tique (l’\u00e9tude de l’h\u00e9r\u00e9dit\u00e9) est aussi ancienne que la biotechnologie. Une tablette provenant de Babylone, ancienne de plus de 6’000 ans, repr\u00e9sente  un arbre g\u00e9n\u00e9alogique du cheval, d’autres anciens dessins donnent la preuve des essais de croisement effectu\u00e9s sur des palmiers. Gr\u00e2ce aux m\u00e9thodes de culture et de croisement classiques, il en r\u00e9sulta des […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":738,"menu_order":7,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/unterthema.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-714","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n8. 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