{"id":1046,"date":"2026-03-12T17:26:46","date_gmt":"2026-03-12T16:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biotechlerncenter.iph-multisite.berta-bewegt.ch\/?page_id=1046"},"modified":"2026-03-13T18:51:39","modified_gmt":"2026-03-13T17:51:39","slug":"5-aspects-ethiques-quand-la-vie-commence-t-elle","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/biotechlerncenter.interpharma.ch\/fr\/sujets\/cellules-souches\/5-aspects-ethiques-quand-la-vie-commence-t-elle\/","title":{"rendered":"5. Aspects \u00e9thiques: quand la vie commence-t-elle?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A partir de quel moment un \u00eatre humain est-il un \u00eatre humain? Quand la vie commence-t-elle? L’embryon est-il d\u00e9j\u00e0 un \u00eatre humain \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re? Quels droits un embryon surnum\u00e9raire a-t-il – sont-ils les m\u00eames que ceux d’un nouveau-n\u00e9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les recherches sur les cellules souches sont actuellement tr\u00e8s importantes et elles sont l’objet de  controverse \u00e0 cause de la provenance des cellules souches embryonnaires: elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9colt\u00e9es sur des embryons pr\u00e9coces g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s in vitro dans le but initial de traiter l’infertilit\u00e9 (fertilisation in vitro). Le recours aux cellules souches embryonnaires pourrait dans le futur devenir superflu puisque de nombreuses alternatives se d\u00e9veloppent de fa\u00e7on prometteuse: il s’agit entre autres de cellules souches adultes provenant de tout organisme humain, de la reprogrammation des cellules souches adultes en cellules indiff\u00e9renci\u00e9es, de l’utilisation des cellules souches provenant du sang du cordon ombilical. L’\u00e9tat actuel des recherches ne r\u00e9v\u00e8le toutefois aucun d\u00e9veloppement notoire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les embryons humains peuvent-ils ou doivent-ils \u00eatre cultiv\u00e9s ou utilis\u00e9s \u00e0 des fins scientifiques parce que les m\u00e9decins ont le devoir de venir en aide aux malades? Cette question \u00e9thique est diversement r\u00e9solue \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle mondiale. Dans certains pays, les embryons surnum\u00e9raires et congel\u00e9s \u00e0 la suite de procr\u00e9ation in vitro, sont utilis\u00e9s dans la recherche. La Grande-Bretagne est m\u00eame all\u00e9e plus loin lorsqu’en 2001 elle a accord\u00e9 le clonage th\u00e9rapeutique d’embryons humains \u00e0 des fins scientifiques. Le clonage th\u00e9rapeutique est un proc\u00e9d\u00e9 permettant de cultiver le tissu issu du propre patrimoine g\u00e9n\u00e9tique humain (cf. chapitre Cloner<\/a>). En Suisse par contre, la loi interdit de telles pratiques. Il y a pourtant quelques voix ici et l\u00e0 pour encourager le d\u00e9veloppement de la recherche sur les cellules souches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
La f\u00e9condation in vitro consiste \u00e0 injecter un spermatozo\u00efde dans le cytoplasme d\u2019un ovule.
\u00a9 Juan G\u00e4rtner, fotolia.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A partir de quel moment un \u00eatre humain est-il un \u00eatre humain? Quand la vie commence-t-elle? L’embryon est-il d\u00e9j\u00e0 un \u00eatre humain \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re? Quels droits un embryon surnum\u00e9raire a-t-il – sont-ils les m\u00eames que ceux d’un nouveau-n\u00e9? Les recherches sur les cellules souches sont actuellement tr\u00e8s importantes et elles sont l’objet de  controverse […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1062,"menu_order":7,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/unterthema.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1046","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n5. 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